新学期第一次月考的时间越来越近了，不少同学是不是总感觉学习时间不够用呢？事实证明，一份全面的学科知识点汇总完全可以使得复习达到事半功倍的效果。今天林老师便为大家带来了八年级上册英语知识点整理，记得收藏背诵哦！
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
two bags of apples/ a bag of apples
buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
seem+ (to be) + adj. 看起来….
seem是“看起来像，给人印象中是…”，可以是抽象的；而look是直观的、在眼睛视线看到某东西后认为的“看起来像”，是具体的。
nothing… but+动词原形 除…..之外什么都没有
arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点 到达某地
dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
Why not do sth.?为什么不做…..呢?
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事
anywhere“任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。
I can’t find it anywhere.
somewhere“在某处，到某处”，常用于肯定句。
I lost my key somewhere near here.
It seems/seemed从句看起来好像..；似乎…
It seems that no one believe you.
It seems like a good idea.
3. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
They decide to visit the museum.
He can not decide when to leave.
4. start doing sth .= start to do开始，可与begin互换。
He started doing his homework.
（1）创办，开办: He started a new bookshop last month.
（2）机器开动：I can’t start my car.
（3）出发，动身: I will start tomorrow morning.
（1）介词，多于，超过，在…以上(表示数目、程度) = more than
My father is over 40 years old .
（2）…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under 相反。
The plan is flying over the montains.
（3）超过：There are over 60 students in the class.
（4）遍及：I want to travel all over the world.
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.
too much太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
We have too much work to do.
The hat is much too big for me.
You’ re walking much too fast.
too much, much too用法区别看后头:
7. because of介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
1.- Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了? (一般过去式句子)
-I went to the mountains.我去山区了。(一般过去式句子)
2. Long time no see.很久没见了。
3. Everything tasted really good. 一切品尝起来真的很好。(一般过去式句子)
4. I felt like I was a bird.我感觉我成了一只鸟。(一般过去式句子)
s。What a difference a day makes!多么与众不同的一天!
（1）一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed，如：wanted；played
（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d。如：hoped；lived
（3）重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed.如：stopped
（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed，如：studied；worried
（5）以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-ed，如：played；enjoyed
请记住，清后[t]， 元浊[d]，[t][d]之后读[id]。
①清辅音后，ed要读[t]。如：worked，finished
②元音或浊辅音后，ed要读[d]。如：lived，called
③[t]或[d]后，ed读[id]。如：started，needed
不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。+(书后最后一页)
不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法注意：
1. some和any可数名词/不可数名词。some 多用于肯定句，any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
有些问句中用some,不用any,问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。
2.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数。
3.不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后。如：something interesting
I had a very good time in my last vacation. I went to the park in the morning. I walked around the
park with my dog and watched people fly kites. Then I found several old people fish by the lake ,and it was very interesting. In the afternoon, I went shopping with my best friend and I bought a beautiful dress. We went to the cinema later in the evening and enjoyed a very good film, and it was exciting. In a word, it was a really nice vacation.
我上次度假玩得非常开心。我早上去了公园。在公园，我遛了狗并看了人们放风筝。然后我发现几个老人在湖边钓鱼，这事情非常有意思。下午我和我最好的朋友逛街，买了一条漂亮的连衣裙。晚上的时候我们看了电影并且非常喜欢这场好电影，它真的太刺激了。总之，这是一个非常开心的假日。
This summer vacation, I went to the east of China with my parents for about nine days .First, I
went to Shanghai by train .I spent one days to go to visit the World Expo Park and the Shanghai TV Tower. It is not the tallest one, but it is very beautiful. Then, I went to Hangzhou to see the West Lake and drunk “Long Jing Tea”. I also went to Suzhou by plane. There are many parks here. I stayed there for about three days and Hangzhou for two days. The next place to go is Qingdao. Qingdao is a beautiful city. There have golden beach and a sea. The seawater and sky is clean and blue. There are many banana trees and coconut trees. We played on the beach and we all enjoyed the beautiful cities. At last day, we took the plane to back to Tianjin after supper. We had a good time!
这个暑假，我和父母去了中国的东部几天。首先，我坐火车去上海。我参观世了博园和东方明珠。东方明珠并不是最高的，但是它非常美丽。然后我去了杭州看西湖并喝了龙井茶。我还坐飞机去了苏州。那有很多公园。我在苏州待了三天，杭州待了两天。第二天我们去了青岛。青岛是个美丽的城市。那里有金沙湾和大海。海水和天空是干净和蔚蓝的。那有很多香蕉树和椰子树。我们在沙滩玩耍并享受这个美丽的城市。最后一天，我们会坐飞机回到天津吃晚饭。我们玩得很开心。
Last summer vacation, I went to visit Uncle Li with my parents by car. Uncle Li is my father’s old
friend. He lives near the sea. All his family are warm and friendly to us. They took us to visit a lot of places of interest there. Every day, we went for a walk along the beach after supper. We also enjoyed swimming. It was really cool. On the last day, we went shopping in the shopping center. My mother bought me some beautiful clothes. It made me very happy. We had a good time there.
去年暑假，我和父母坐车去拜访了我李叔叔。李叔叔是我爸爸的老朋友。他住得靠近海。他们家人对我们既热情又友善。他们带我们去参观了很多有意思的地方。我们每天晚饭后都沿着沙滩散步。我们还享受着游泳的乐趣。那真是太酷了。在最后一天，我们去了购物中心购物。我妈妈给我买了一些漂亮的衣服。这让我非常开心。我们玩的很高兴。
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
look after = take care of照顾
healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康
make a difference to对什么有影响
most of the students=most student
shop=go shopping=do some shopping购物
come home from school放学回家
of course = certainly = sure当然
keep/be in good health保持健康
have dance and piano lessons. 上舞蹈课和钢琴课
in one’s free time在某人的业余时间
1. What’s your favorite….?你最喜爱的….是什么?
2. How about…?…怎么样?/….好不好?
4. by doing sth. = through名词，通过做某事
5. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
6. spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
7. want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
8. It’s+ adj.+ to do s做某事的…..的。
9. ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
10.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
with表“人与人之间的协同关系”，如：make friends with sb；talk with sb ；work with sb；play with sb。
1.how often“多久一次”，用来提问动作发生的频率。
回答用: once，twice，three times等词语。
-How often do you play sports?-
how long“多长”，用来询间多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。
How long does it take to get to Shanghai from Hefei?
how far “多远”，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。回答或具体公里数，或30 minutes’ walk / drive…
-How far is it from here to the park?
-It’s about 2 kilometers.
2. free“空闲的，有空的”，反义词为 “busy”。be free“有空，闲着”，相当于have time。
I’ll be free next week. = I’ll have time next week .
还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth.自由地做某事。
You’re free to go or to stay.
3. how come“怎么会?怎么回事?”，表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通。可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why，但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。
How come Tom didn’t come to the party?
= Why didn’t Tom come to the party?
4. stay up late指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don’t stay up late next time.
stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。He stayed up all night to write his story.
5. go to bed强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。
I went to bed at eleven last night.
go to sleep强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。
She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.
We have found him (to be) a good boy.
7. percent 百分数，基数词 + percent
percent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。
Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.
Thirty percent of time passed.
8. more than“超过，多于，不仅仅”，相当于over。在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。
I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.
9. afraid形容词，“担心的，害怕的”，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。
I’m afraid we can’t come here on time.
be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事。
Some children are afraid of the dark.
Don’t be afraid of asking question.
I’m afraid +从句，“恐怕，担心”：I’m afraid I have to go now.
10. sometimes，sometime, some times ，some time的区别:
sometimes频度副词，“有时”。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。(How often 提问)
Sometimes I get up very early.
-How often do you get up?
sometime副词，“某个时候”。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时。( When提问)
I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.
When will you go to Shanghai next week?
some times名词词组，“几次，几倍”。其中time是可数名词。(how many times提问)
I have read the story some times.
-How many times have you read the story?
sometime名词短语，“一段时间”。表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，
I’ll stay here for some time.
– How long will you stay here?
11.频率副词: always, usually; often, sometimes, never
频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前，be动词或助动词之后，常用于一般现在时态中。
一次once；两次twice；三次或三次以上用“基数词+ times”
13. As for homework，most students do homework every day.
as for…意思是“至于；关于”，+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。
如: As for him I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。
As for the story you’d better not believe it.关于那故事，你最好不要相信。
14. That sounds interesting.
这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound (听起来)，look (看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste (尝起来)，feel (觉得)，seem (好像)，grow (变得)，get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如:
The music sounds very sweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了。
15. Be about(介词)，“是关于…”，+名/代/V-ing
16.however副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末。
17.not at all意为“一点也不”。not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。即否定句+ at all
e.g. The story isn’t interesting at all.那个故事一点意思也没有。
1. How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视?
2. What do you usually do on weekends?你通常在周末做什么? .
3. Does Sue eat a healthy breakfast?休吃健康的早餐吗?
4. She says its good for my healthy.她说那对我的健康有益。
5.He plays at least twice a week.他一周至少踢两次。
6. Here are the results.这是结果。
7. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week.百分之四十五的(学生)一周锻炼四到六次
8. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.
虽然许多学生喜欢看体育，但是游戏节目是最受欢迎的。
9. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows.
定义：表示现在经常发生的、习惯性的动作或目前存在的状态。
（2）当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
1、人称代词he,she,it时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。
2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语，谓语动词是第三人称单数。如:
Tom looks like her mother.汤姆看起来像她的母亲。
Beijing is in China.北京在中国。
Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
3、单数可数名词或“this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词是第三人称单数。如:
A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
This book is yours.这本书是你的。
That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。
The cat is Lucy’s.这只猫是露茜的。
4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时，谓语动词是第三人称单数。如:
There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。
That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。
The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。
The bread is very small.那块面包很小。
6、当数字或字母作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:
“6” is a lucky number. 六是个吉利数字。
“I” is a letter. “I”是个字母。
（1）动词have，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用has；
（2）含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用doesn’t +动词原形，如:
He goes to school at six in the morning.（变否定句）
→He doesn’t go to school at six in the morning.
3.对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词does，如:
She goes home at five every day.（对划线部分提问）
→When / What time does she go home every day?
1、大多数动词在词尾加“s”，在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。如：
stop – stops [s] ；read – reads [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”，读[iz]。如:
fly- flies [z]; carry- carries [z]
3、以“s, s, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz]，如: teach – teaches [iz]；
4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”， 读[z] 。如: go-goes [z] ；do- does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。
I have a very healthy lifestyle. First of all, I sleep for at least eight hours a day. When I wake up in
the morning, I usually have a glass of milk. I exercise three to four times a week by jogging or playing basketball. I eat a lot of vegetables and fruits every day. Lastly, I never drink coffee because it’s bad for my health.
我有一个非常健康的生活方式。首先，我每天至少有八个小时睡觉。当我醒来的时候，我通常在早上喝一杯牛奶。我每周通过慢跑或者打篮球锻炼三到四次最后，我从来不喝咖啡,因为它对我的健康不好。
I always have a busy and colorful weekend. On Saturday, I often do my homework. Then, I read
some comic books or story books. After lunch, I often clean my room and wash my clothes. Sometimes, I will draw some pictures when I finish cleaning and washing. After dinner, I often go out to play badminton with my friends. But sometimes, we also play hide-and-seek together. In the evening, I often watch TV with my parents or play computer games by myself. After that, I am going to wash my face and feet. At last, I go to bed. On Sunday morning. I have to go to English training school to study English. In the afternoon, I often go to bookstore to buy some books. This is my weekend.
我的周末我总是会有一个繁忙但又多彩的的周末。星期六我通常做我的作业.然后，我读一些漫画书或故事书。午饭后，我经常打扫我的房间和洗衣服.有时候我也会在我打扫完房间和洗完衣服后画一些画。晚饭后，我经常到外面去和我的朋友打羽毛球。但有时候，我们也会一起玩捉迷藏。晚上，我经常和我的父母一起看电视，或自己一个人玩电脑游戏。之后，我就去洗脸和脚。最后，我才去睡觉。星期天早上，我不得不去英语培训学校学英语。下午，我经常去书店买一些书。这就是我的周末。
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Class12, Grade 8: Activity Survey
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Here are the results of the student activity survey in Class 12，Grade 8. Most students watch TV every day. Some students watch TV twice a week. Some students watch TV four times a week. Ten percent of students have sports every day. Some students have sports twice a Week. Most students have sports four times a week. All the students do homework every day. No students do homework twice or four times a week.
这是八年级12班的调查结果。大部分学生每天都看电视。一些学生一周看两次。还有一些一周看四次。百分之十的学生每天锻炼。一些学生一周锻炼两次。大部分一周锻炼四次。所有的学生每天都写作业。没有学生是每周做两或四次作业的。
1、one… the other.. 一个…，另一个…
2、make friends (with) （和…..）交朋友
3、introduce… to… 把…..介绍给…..
4、introduce oneself (to…) 自我介绍
7、look like…“看起来像，长得像”，后加名词或代词作宾语。
11、advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事
12、It’s up to… “由…决定，由….负责”
17、to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是
18、lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物
20、hold out伸出；拿出；抱有（希望）；坚持
21、feel lucky to do sth.做某事感到很幸运
23、encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
26、invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
27、go to the movies = go to see a film去看电影
1、What’s the weather like today? 今天天气如何？
2、What’s the temperature? 气温是多少？
3、What strange weather! 多么奇怪的天气啊！
4、It will reach 10℃ during the day. 白天期间气温会达到10摄氏度。
5、Can you guess my hometown? 你能猜到我的家乡吗？
6、I need neither my heavy winter coat nor my boots now!
7、Thank you for helping me, Brian. 谢谢你帮助我，布莱恩。
8、Everyone longs for spring. 每个人都需要春天。
9、Can I give you a push? 我能推你一下吗？
10、It’s time to stop swinging, Debbie. 到停止荡秋千的时间了，黛比。
11、What about basketball? 打篮球怎么样？
1、How is / are / was / were …? …怎么样？
2、sb.+ be happy/ glad to do sth. 某人很高兴做某事
what/ how/ where/ when/ why+ to do常作介词或动词的宾语，有时也可作主语。
例: I don’t know what to do.我不知道做什么。
5、wear表示“穿”的状态，宾语可以是衣、帽，也可以是装饰物、奖章等。wear与现在进行时连用时，表示当时穿着的状态。
例: She never wears skirts. 她从不穿短裙。
辨析：put on, have on, dress, in
（1）put on意为“穿上，戴上”，强调穿的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。
例: Put on your coat. It’s very cold outside.穿上你的外套，外面很冷。
（2）have on强调穿、戴的状态，相当于wear，但have on没有进行时态和被动语态。
例: Li Ming often has a pair of sports shoes. 李明经常穿着一双运动鞋。
（3）dress强调“穿”的动作，后跟人作宾语，只用于穿衣服、不表示穿鞋、袜或戴帽子、手套、手表等。
例: My mother is dressing my little sister.我妈妈正在给我妹妹穿衣服。
（4）in为介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色，它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。
例: She is often in a white skirt.她经常穿着一件白裙子。
6、advise 作动词，意为“建议”，常用短语: advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”；advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事。”
例:I advise you to buy a new car.我建议你买一辆新车。
7、agree with 意为“同意，赞成”，后面常接表示人或意见（看法）的名词或代词作宾语。agree with 不能用于被动语态。
例: Does she agree with us？她同意我们（的意见）吗?
（1）agree to意为“同意。赞成”，后面接表示“提议”，“办法”，“计划”，“安排”等的名词或代词。agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事。”
例: Please agree to this new plan.请同意这个新计划。
（2）agree on表示“对….取得一致意见”，指两方或多方就某个问题取得了一致的意见或是达成了某种协议。
例: After discussion they agreed on greenhouses. 经过讨论，他们就温室问题达成了协议。
8、lend意为“借出”，常用短语lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb.意为“把某物借给某人。”
9、immediately是副词，立即地，马上地，相当于at once和right away。
10、either表示“也”时，一般只用于否定句，且置于句末。
too意为“也”，多用于口语中，语气较随便。一般用在肯定句中，放在句末。
also 意为“也”，是比较正式的用语，语气较庄重。它经常放在句中，位于行为动词之前，连系动词和助动词之后。
11、hate憎恨，讨厌；hate to do sth. =hate doing sth. 意为“讨厌做某事”。
hate的反义词是like，其近义词是dislike。
12、Do you mind…? =Would you mind…? “你介意…吗?”，表示“同意或不介意”。
“No, of course not. / No, not at all. / Certainly not. /I don’t mind. Go ahead./ I don’t mind. /No, please.”
I’m sorry …/ I’m afraid …
14、invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人去做某事
Unit2 My favourite school subject
1、be late for sth.干某事迟到/晚了
2、see sb. do sth.看见某人干了某事（结果）
3、see sb. soing sth.看见某人正在干某事（过程）
15、remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起….；提醒某人……
1、hope意为“希望”，常用结构为: hope to do sth. 希望做某事（容易实现的愿望）
2、be good at固定短语，意为“擅长”。介词at后常接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式，相当于do well in。其比较级为be better at表示“更擅长。
3、except表示“除了”时，宾语被排除在句子表述的事情之外，表示从总数中减去或除外。其后可接名词或代词，也可接介词短语或从句。
当句中的谓语动词是do且宾语又是anything, everything 或nothing时，except 后面可接省略to的动词不定式或从句。
4、see为动词，意为“看见”，常见结构为: see sb. do sth.“看见某人做了某事”（强调看见了做某事的整个过程）；see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”（强调看见动作正在进行）
5、It’s+ be+名词+to do sth. “做某事是…..的”。
“It+ be+名词+to do sth.句型中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
例: It’s his duty to take good care of the students.照顾好学生是他的职责。
6、since为介词，自…..以后，从….以来，意为“自从”，常用于现在完成时态中。
7、What’s the matter?意为“怎么了?”，后面常接with sb，相当于What’s wrong with…? / What’s the trouble with ….?/ What’s the problem?
8、have a cough意为“咳嗽”，属于“have+冠词+病痛”的结构。
例: I always have a cough when I have a cold.当我感冒时，我总是咳嗽。
9、suddenly意为“突然”，是副词，可以放在句首或句中，置于句首时，常用逗号隔开。
10、shout呼喊，喊叫，大声说；shout at sb.和shout to sb.均可表示“对某人大声喊”，但shout at sb.多指因为生气等而非善意地对某人吼叫，shout to sb.多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊（否则对方无法听见），不带生气等感情因素。
11、keep借，在此代替borrow，因borrow和lend均为短暂性动词，不可与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。如果要与表示一段时间（如: for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long连用，需要用keep来代替。
12、recently为副词，意为“最近，近来”，相当于not long ago，一般与现在完成时或一般过去时连用，可置于句首、句中或句末。
例: We hear that he went to Australia recently.我们听说他最近去了澳大利亚。
13、southern南方的；in southern China=in the south part of China =in the southern part of China；但不可以说: in the southern of China。
southern的名词形式是south。south也可作形容词，等同于southern。
表示方位的词: east(eastern), west(western), north (northern)和 south(southern)。
14、show v.意为“出示，把…拿…看”。show 常跟双宾语结构，即show sb. sth, 相当于show sth. to sb.意为“给某人看某物”。
如: Would you show me your photo? = Would you show your photo to me?你能给我看看你的照片吗？
15、remind为动词，意为“使想起”，常用结构: remind sb. of sth. /sb.“使某人想起某事/某人”。
16、make此处为使役动词，意为“使，使得”。make+ sb./sth.+ do意为“使某人或某物做某事”。
当“make + sb. / sth. +do”为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定式符号“to ”必须要还原。
Module 1 How to learn English
1. pair n.（相关的）两个人，一对，一双，一副
two pairs of trousers两条裤子
e.g. A pair of teenage boys are watching a football game.两个青少年正在看足球赛。
e.g. The teacher returned to her room to correct exercise books.老师回到房间去改练习本。
Correct the spelling.纠正拼写。
e.g. correct pronunciation正确发音
Do you have the correct time?你的表走得准吗?
（1）n.意思是“意见，建议”，为不可数名词可用some, much, a piece of/pieces of等修饰，不能说an advice或many/a few advices。
（2）表示“有…..的建议”时用介词on，接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。
e.g. Let’s ask for his advice on what to do next.我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。
take/follow one’s advice接受某人的建议
accept/refuse one’s advice 接受（拒绝）某人的建议
offer advice to sb. 向某人提供建议
常见搭配: advise sb. to do sth.
advise that sb. (should) do sth.
e.g. My teacher advises me to leave now.老师建议我现在就离开。
We advise measures (should) be taken to stop pollution at once.
4. should是情态动词，意思是“应该”。通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务。
【常见搭配】should/shouldn’t do sth.应该/不应该做某事
e.g. He should work harder.他应该更加努力。
You should help your mother with the housework.你们应该帮妈妈做家务。
5.（1）e.g. They are trying to study English well.
I am trying doing it in this way.
We should try/do our best to help the people in trouble.
（2）译为“尽量”、“尽最大努力(可能)”，主要用于as…as possible/one can。
e.g. You should rests much as possible.你应当尽量多休息。
I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you.
（1）time侧重指“时间”这一概念，或说明“时间”的量。time用作不可数名词，前面可much, little, a lot of, plenty of等修饰。
e.g. This saves time and allows farmers to grow an extra crop in each season.
（2）当作“次数；倍数”讲时，time是可数名词。
e.g. I have been to Beijing three times.我去过北京三次。
at times /from time to time有时，偶尔
①It’s time for sb. to do sth. / It’s high time sb. did sth.该是某人干……的时间了。
e.g. It’s time for children to go to bed.是小孩睡觉的时候了。
It’s high time that we started.我们该出发了。
②“each time每次；next time下次；the first/last time第一次/最后一次……的时候”等词组引导的时间状语从句。
e.g. The last time I went to China, I visited Shanghai.我上次到中国时，游览了上海。
7. suggest，做动词，表示“建议，提议”的意思，对应的名词是suggestion。suggest的用法：
（1）suggest (one’s) doing sth.
suggest that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事
e.g. She suggested an early start.她建议早一点出发。
I suggested his / him giving up the foolish idea.
She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.
（2）当suggest表示“暗示，表明”的意思，且后面接宾语从句，谓语用真实的时态而不用“should+动词原形”。
e.g. The expression on his face suggested that he was very happy.
Module 2 My home town and my country
1. population n.意思是“人口，居民”，它是一个集体名词，它的用法有时较为特殊，所以很容易用错。
①population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
e.g. The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.
②当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.
③有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。
e.g. China has a population of about 1.3 billion.
=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.
④表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用“much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”。
e.g. India has a large population.印度人口众多。
Singapore has a small population.新加坡人口少。
⑤询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much..? ”，而用“How large..?”。在问具体人口时用What..?”。
e.g.- What is the population of Canada?
= How large is the population of Canada?
-The population of Canada is about 29 million.
2.（1）million是数词，意思是“百万”。它的用法如下:
①当与具体数字连用时，习惯上用单数，而且也不后接介词of。
e.g three million people三百万人
He was prepared to pay two million.他愿意支付200万。
但是，后面的名词有了the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them
e.g. About three million of them have left there.他们当中约有三百万人离开了那儿。
②当不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要用复数，而且要后接介词of，然后才能接名词。
【拓展】与million有相同用法的数词还有：hundred (百)，thousand (千)，billion(十亿)。
①表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，最明显的提示词是than，其结构为“…+比较级+than+ B”。
e.g. Li Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。
This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。
②有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时：用形容词比较级。
e.g. I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了。
It is much colder today than before.今天比以前冷得多。
③比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构，表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。
e.g. I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。
This building is 20 meters higher than that one.这栋楼房比那栋高20米。
④表示“两者之间最…一个(of the two)”时，常用“the+比较级”结构。
e.g. Mary is the taller of the twins. Mary是双胞胎中的高个子。
⑤表示“越来越….”用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more形容词原级”。
e.g. It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。
本节课进一步学习形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化和不规则变化
①表示两者进行比较时用比较级；最明显的提示词是than，其结构为“A…+比较级+than +B”。
e.g. The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮更大。
This painting is nicer than that one.这幅绘画比那幅更漂亮。
②有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时：用比较级。
e.g. I feel even better now.我现在觉得好多了。
It is much cooler today than before.今天比以前凉爽得多。
③比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构，表示具体“大多少”“小多少”“长多少”“短多少”等。
e.g. This house is 10 meters higher than that one.这栋楼房比那栋高10米。
④表示“两者之间…..一个(of the two)”时,常用“the+比较级”结构。
e.g. Mary is the fatter of the twins. Mary是双胞胎中较胖的。
⑤表示“越来越…”.用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more形容词原级”。
e.g. It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.
⑥表示“越….就越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。
e.g. The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。
1. in the countryside在乡村，在农村
15. an Italian painter 一位意大利画家
16. used to do sth.过去常常做某事
1. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.有的恐龙和鸡一样小。
2. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
3. Suddenly dinosaurs all died out.突然恐龙都灭绝了。
4. However, we can learn about dinosaurs from their fossils.
5. Nobody knows why.没有人知道其中的原因。
6. Would you like some tea?你想要一些茶吗？
1.some 和any都可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示“一些….”，但二者在用法上还是有区别的。some一般用于肯定句；any 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
①some用在疑问句中，表示请求，建议或希望得到肯定回答。
②any可用于肯定句，表示“任何的，任一的”，后常接可数名词单数（any+单数名词）。
3.由some, every, no, any分别与one, thing和body组合即可得到以下复合不定代词：
4. 一般说来，由some构成的复合不定代词往往用于肯定句中；而由any构成的复合不定代
注意：nobody = not… anybody = not…anyone= no one
【拓展】由some构成的复合不定代词有时也可用于疑问句中，用来表示请求，建议等语句。
6.形容词修饰复合不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，形容词要后置，即（不定代词+形容词）
7.have something to do有事要做
8.There is something wrong with…某人/物出了问题
9.There is nothing wrong with…某人/物没问题
2. instructions n.(pI.)指示、命令
15. correctly adv. 准确无误地，正确地
1. in one’s daily life在某人的日常生活
7. double the amount数量的两倍
9. order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
10. ask sb. for help向某人求救
12. give sb. good advice给某人好的建
13. make money=earn money赚钱
14. follow one’s advice接受某人建议
19. promise to do sth.承诺做某事
25. a number of= many许多（后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）
the number of…的数量（后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数）
26. be made from 由…制成（看不出原材料）
28. would like to do sth.=feel like doing sth.=want to do sth.想要做某事
1. What’s 6 minus 6?六减六等于多少呢?
2. From then on he was not lazy any more.从那以后，他不再懒惰。
3. Hello, this is Joyce speaking.你好，我是乔伊斯。
4. Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead?难道你不想要金子或银子代替吗？
（2）13-19都以-teen结尾，它们都有两个重读音节。
（4）表示21-99之间的“几十几”时，先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字号：
（5）百位数101- 999 之间非整百的基数词表示法。先说“几百”，后接and，再加末尾十位数（或个位数）
（6）千位数以上1000以上的基数词的表示法：thousand（千）， million（百万），billion（十亿）
（3）表示时刻（半小时用half，一刻钟用a quarter，半小时以内用past，超过半小时用to）
（4）表顺序。基数词表顺序时，由“单数名词+基数词”构成，此时名词和基数词首字母要大写。
【易错点】“ 单数名词+基数词”=“the+序数词+单数名词”（此处名词首字母无需大写）
如: Lesson Ten = the tenth lesson；Page 5=the fifth page
（1）第1-3，他们分别是：first, second, third
（2）第4-19，除fifth，eighth, ninth, twelfth的拼写比较特殊外，其余都由相应的基数词加-
（3）第20-90之间“第几十”的序数词由相应的基数词去掉-y加-ieth。
（5）hundred, thousand, million等序数词形式为hundredth, thousandth, millionth等。如: five
ten thousandth (10, 000th)第10000
（1）表示顺序。序数词表示顺序时，其前要加冠词the，其后接单数名词。
（3）2010年7月6日表示为：July 6th, 2010，读作: July the sixth, two thousand and ten.
（4）序数词前也可用不定冠词a/an，表示“再…”，“又…”。
（5）当序数词与形容词性物主代词、名词所有格连用时，其前面不用定冠词。
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